Urinary incontinence refers to involuntary leakage of urine and can have a significant impact on a woman’s daily activities and quality of life. It is a common symptom that affects 50% of adult women, majority being at the stage of menopause. About 75% of women over 65 report urine leakage. Despite being a common problem, many women feel embarrassed or ashamed to talk about it, which can prevent them from seeking treatment.

Let’s talk about the types of urinary incontinence in women.

1. Stress incontinence: is the most common type and it occurs when the bladder leaks during activities such as coughing, sneezing, laughing or exercise.

2. Urge incontinence: is characterized by a sudden and strong urge to urinate followed by leakage.

3. Mixed incontinence: is a combination of stress and urge incontinence.

4. Overflow incontinence: occurs when the bladder becomes extremely full or unable to empty completely, leading to continuous dribbling.

5. Functional incontinence: this is not a true type of incontinence but it mostly occurs in people with mobility problems or mental impairment.

*Note: Urinary fistulas, such as Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) can lead to continuous leakage of urine through the vagina. This is a separate entity on its own.

What are the causes of urinary incontinence in women?

The causes of urinary incontinence in women can vary, but some common causes include:

Pregnancy and childbirth

Menopause and old age

Certain medical conditions such as bladder infections, chronic constipation and neurological disorders, like stroke.

Surgical complications involving the urinary tract and the nerves that help control urine flow.

Certain lifestyle factors, such as obesity and sedentary lifestyle, can also increase the risk of developing urinary incontinence.


If left untreated, urinary incontinence may lead to serious complications like:

•Skin rashes, skin infections and sores can develop from constantly wet skin.

•Increased risk of recurrent urinary tract infections.

•Lastly, urinary incontinence can affect your social, work and personal relationships.

The good news is that there are effective treatments available for urinary incontinence in women. Treatment options can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition, but some common treatments include:

·Pelvic floor muscle exercises: also known as Kegel exercises, help to strengthen the muscles that support the bladder and prevent leakage.

·Lifestyle changes: such as maintaining a healthy weight, quitting smoking, and reducing caffeine and alcohol consumption.

·Medications: such as antimuscarinics and beta-3 agonists, can also be prescribed to help control bladder function and reduce the risk of leakage.

·Surgery can be done in severe cases.


Overall, urinary incontinence can be a difficult condition to live with, but it is important to remember that there is help available. If you’re experiencing symptoms of urinary incontinence, don’t be ashamed to speak with your doctor. With the right care and support, you can regain control of your bladder and live a fulfilling life.

© Doctor KT